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Liberal DAF-Pledge Policy? Anyone relaxing your stance?

  • 1.  Liberal DAF-Pledge Policy? Anyone relaxing your stance?

    Posted 02-11-2025 10:07 AM

    Are you allowing DAF funds to fulfill private pledges, binding or otherwise, without a special pledge agreement with permissive DAF language? If so, please tell me. My VP and AVP colleagues want to know to what extent there is movement in this more liberal direction. 

    I ask because I recently spent time studying IRS Notice 2017-73, IRS Publication 526, IRS Section 170f18, and various executive summaries of these saying we can be more relaxed and apply DAF funds to pledges without fear of repercussions and without specially worded pledge agreements. We, of course, would continue with best practice on crediting, hard to DAF and soft to Donor/Advisor. 

    We are considering the following words with great interest:

    "IRS Notice 2017-73 describes regulations the IRS and Treasury are considering that would establish the following rules:

    1.        Fulfillment of Donor Pledges: Grants from a DAF that fulfill the personal pledge of a donor, donor advisor or certain related persons (collectively, a "Donor/Advisor") – even a legally binding pledge – would not be treated as a "more than incidental benefit" under section 4967 of the Code that gives rise to excise taxes so long as the following requirements are satisfied:

    a.       The DAF sponsoring organization makes no reference to the existence of any charitable pledge when making the distribution from the donor's DAF (references to the name of the person who advised on the distribution are permitted);

    b.       No Donor/Advisor receives, directly or indirectly, any other benefit that is more than incidental on account of the DAF distribution (such as those set forth in future guidance); and

    c.       The Donor/Advisor does not claim a charitable contribution deduction for the DAF distribution, even if the charity receiving the distribution mistakenly sends the Donor/Advisor a tax acknowledgement.

    The Notice provides that donors and DAF sponsoring organizations may rely on this guidance relating to fulfillment of pledges immediately."

    Reach out offline if you are more comfortable doing so: lamberts@susqu.edu

    Thank you!



    ------------------------------
    Stephen Lambert
    Susquehanna University
    lamberts@SUSQU.EDU
    ------------------------------


  • 2.  RE: Liberal DAF-Pledge Policy? Anyone relaxing your stance?

    Posted 02-11-2025 10:27 AM
      |   view attached
    Stephen, as I discussed in my annual IRS presentation, while this notice makes applying a DAF gift to a binding pledge possible, most DAFs disallow it regardless! In other words, you still cannot do it; otherwise, you violate the rules of the individual DAF, which could harm the donor financially.

    In my most recent speech at the Meeting of the Minds conference last week, I included related examples and rules from Fidelity and Schwab that disallow this activity. I have attached those three slides.

    So, before applying any DAF gift to a pledge, you must check the rules of the issuing DAF.

    John

    John H. Taylor, Principal
    John H. Taylor Consulting, LLC
    2604 Sevier Street
    Durham, NC     27705

    919.816.5903 (cell/text)

    Serving the Advancement Community Since 1987




    Attachment(s)

    pdf
    DAF Rules.pdf   773 KB 1 version


  • 3.  RE: Liberal DAF-Pledge Policy? Anyone relaxing your stance?

    Posted 02-11-2025 02:27 PM
    I've written about this extensively before, and I take a different stance than John. I don't think DAF sponsors have authority to dictate how charities record obligations between them and their donors. The sponsor can ask me, as a donor, to certify that the grant won't fulfill a pledge, but that's not something I as a donor can control. It is the charity's obligation to determine whether an outstanding debt is collectible or not, and at least from an accounting perspective, there is no material difference between writing down a pledge based on an "unrelated" payment, or applying the payment to the pledge. In fact, in many accounting systems there is no way to apply a specific payment to a specific pledge - they are simply account balances. 

    Moreover, the IRS regulation says that if the sponsoring org makes no reference to the existence of a charitable pledge, then fulfillment of a pledge would be of only incidental benefit. By my read, the sponsoring org would have to name an existing pledge - they can't generically use the word "pledge" to create a material benefit where the IRS says none exists. 

    Thank you,
    Isaac Shalev
    Data Strategy Expert
    Sage70, Inc.
    (917) 859-0151
    isaac@sage70.com

    Schedule a 30-minute consultation now:







  • 4.  RE: Liberal DAF-Pledge Policy? Anyone relaxing your stance?

    Posted 02-11-2025 02:38 PM
    Isaac, the DAFs are not dictating how to record gifts. They are stating that their gifts cannot satisfy preexisting personal obligations. That is within their right to determine and dictate, just as they can determine types of nonprofit organizations they will, and won't, support.

    John

    John H. Taylor, Principal
    John H. Taylor Consulting, LLC
    2604 Sevier Street
    Durham, NC     27705

    919.816.5903 (cell/text)

    Serving the Advancement Community Since 1987







  • 5.  RE: Liberal DAF-Pledge Policy? Anyone relaxing your stance?

    Posted 02-11-2025 02:44 PM
    I understand your point. Fundamentally, however, they're simply not a party to the issue. If accounting rules require that a pledge be seen as fulfilled, then the nonprofit must do so, even if Fidelity doesn't want that. It's also the case that Fidelity's form is signed with the donor-adviser, who cannot control the charity's behavior. Legally, I don't see how any of that holds up to restrain the charity in accurately representing its financial position. 

    As always, follow the advice of counsel!


    Thank you,
    Isaac Shalev
    Data Strategy Expert
    Sage70, Inc.
    (917) 859-0151
    isaac@sage70.com

    Schedule a 30-minute consultation now:







  • 6.  RE: Liberal DAF-Pledge Policy? Anyone relaxing your stance?

    Posted 02-13-2025 10:14 AM

    Thank you Isaac for the generous response. 



    ------------------------------
    Stephen Lambert
    Susquehanna University
    lamberts@SUSQU.EDU
    ------------------------------



  • 7.  RE: Liberal DAF-Pledge Policy? Anyone relaxing your stance?

    Posted 02-12-2025 12:29 PM

    Thank you, John, for the generous response!

     

    Stephen

    Stephen Lambert, Ph.D. 
    Director of Advancement Services 

    "University" defined: "A sacred space where we improve and even save the human race." -SWL

     






  • 8.  RE: Liberal DAF-Pledge Policy? Anyone relaxing your stance?

    Posted 02-13-2025 12:48 PM

    Isaac, I see this as a matter of agreeing to the conditions under which the DAF sponsoring organization granted us the funds. They are providing funds under certain conditions, one of which is that we won't use their grant to fulfill an existing pledge. We're free to decline the funds, but by accepting them, we're telling them that we will honor their request. Same as any other donor funds we accept.

    If accounting wants to consider a pledge fulfilled because of funds received by a sponsoring organization, then I think a conversation needs to be had about writing off the balance of the pledge. This accomplishes the same end result, more or less. If, as you say, there is no accounting difference between writing down the pledge due to an unrelated payment and applying that payment to a pledge, then accounting shouldn't care whether we decide to write down the pledge in these circumstances to align most closely to the legal donor's request for their funds.

    I respect sponsoring org's desire to play it safe in these circumstances since the IRS stance is only from this 2017 notice.



    ------------------------------
    Keith Padgett
    Connecticut College
    kpadgett@conncoll.edu
    ------------------------------



  • 9.  RE: Liberal DAF-Pledge Policy? Anyone relaxing your stance?

    Posted 02-13-2025 01:30 PM
    Keith, I appreciate your position, and I don't try to talk my clients out of it when they want to take this approach. But it is my sincere belief and understanding that Fidelity, etc. are not in fact restricting the funds or setting up a condition for how you, the nonprofit, apply the payment, nor am I aware of any attempts by them to verify or enforce anything with nonprofits who do accept DAF payments against pledges. . 

    Both Fidelity and Schwab have issued public comments to the IRS about notice 2017-73, and were unequivocally supportive of the conclusion that the IRS reached that DAF contributions could satisfy pledges. Schwab, for example, says "We agree with and commend the Treasury and IRS for providing in the Notice that DAFs can make grants that satisfy a donor advisor's legally binding pledges without the grant being treated as a more than incidental benefit."

    Indeed, the DAF sponsors all indicate in their donor-facing material that you cannot recommend a gift to satisfy a pledge. This is exactly true. If you do so out loud, the IRS says it's impermissible. But if you do so without saying anything out loud about a specific existing pledge, then the IRS says it is totally permissible to apply it to a pledge. It's a paradox... and in such a case, it seems to me that I would rather follow the true donor's intent, and follow the stated position of the DAF sponsors, and the ruling of the IRS. 

    Thank you,
    Isaac Shalev
    Data Strategy Expert
    Sage70, Inc.
    (917) 859-0151
    isaac@sage70.com

    Schedule a 30-minute consultation now:







  • 10.  RE: Liberal DAF-Pledge Policy? Anyone relaxing your stance?

    Posted 02-14-2025 11:02 AM

    Isaac, I've seen Fidelity deny a request for a DAF payment when the advisor mentioned in their grant recommendation that it was paying a pledge.  I've also over the past year or so had to field phone calls from Fidelity and fill out questionnaires to verify that the grant is not paying a pledge, or being used in other impermissible ways, like going directly to a student.

    Michael



    ------------------------------
    Michael Manning
    University of New England
    Mmanning6@une.edu
    ------------------------------



  • 11.  RE: Liberal DAF-Pledge Policy? Anyone relaxing your stance?

    Posted 02-14-2025 11:20 AM
    Yes, of course, and that's exactly per the IRS policy. The front-end is clear: you can't say you're paying a pledge. But the back-end is also clear - if you didn't say anything about paying a specific pledge, it can be applied with no impermissible benefit.


    Thank you,
    Isaac Shalev
    Data Strategy Expert
    Sage70, Inc.
    (917) 859-0151
    isaac@sage70.com

    Schedule a 30-minute consultation now:







  • 12.  RE: Liberal DAF-Pledge Policy? Anyone relaxing your stance?

    Posted 02-21-2025 02:54 PM

    Stephen, we take a blended approach, though its applicability may depend on your system.

    We manage two types of commitments: Pledges and Gift Intentions. 

    For a true enforceable pledge, we do not accept DAF payments. These pledges are recorded and fed to Finance.  If a donor pays with DAF, we convert the Pledge into a Gift Intention - for finance, that looks like a write-off. 

    When we know the donor intends to fulfill their commitment using a DAF, they sign a Letter of Intent (LOI) instead of a pledge agreement. They vary slightly in the verbiage in the agreements.   Gift Intentions are not reported to Finance. Finance only records the actual payments, treating them as they would regular gifts.

    This approach allows us to internally track fundraising commitments and projected revenue while keeping to the more strict reading of the IRS and DAF rules. 



    ------------------------------
    Yelena Natanson
    Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center
    natansoy@mskcc.org
    ------------------------------



  • 13.  RE: Liberal DAF-Pledge Policy? Anyone relaxing your stance?

    Posted 02-21-2025 03:09 PM
    I haven't looked in several months, but last time I assessed the documentation from the primary DAF managers (Fidelity, Schwab, Vanguard), they all still have language in their grant letters stating the grant cannot fulfill a legally enforceable/binding pledge. So, regardless of IRS interpretations, those still seem to be terms to accepting the grant. 

    --

    Jeff Baynham
    Associate Vice Chancellor
    Advancement Services
    P: 919.513.2923
    C: 270.792.3373
    Executive Assistant, Pat Schon 

    NC State University
    Campus Box 7474
    249 Joyner Visitor Center
    Raleigh, NC 27695-7474








  • 14.  RE: Liberal DAF-Pledge Policy? Anyone relaxing your stance?

    Posted 02-23-2025 07:47 AM
    Jeff, that language is between the DAF and donor, and is entirely aligned with 2017-73. It's not a condition placed on the charity as to how to record the gift, at least by my read. 


    Thank you,
    Isaac Shalev
    Data Strategy Expert
    Sage70, Inc.
    (917) 859-0151
    isaac@sage70.com

    Schedule a 30-minute consultation now:







  • 15.  RE: Liberal DAF-Pledge Policy? Anyone relaxing your stance?

    Posted 02-23-2025 10:12 AM
    That language comes to us with the check. For us to accept the grant, we agree to the terms. So that makes it language between the DAF and the receiving charity, right?  I am not allowed to apply for this grant as a payment toward an enforceable legal pledge. 






  • 16.  RE: Liberal DAF-Pledge Policy? Anyone relaxing your stance?

    Posted 02-23-2025 12:57 PM
    That's my understanding as well, Jeff. If we know a DAF gift is being misused (per their rules), we have an ethical obligation to either return the funds or follow the DAF rules.

    John

    John H. Taylor, Principal
    John H. Taylor Consulting, LLC
    2604 Sevier Street
    Durham, NC     27705

    919.816.5903 (cell/text)

    Serving the Advancement Community Since 1987







  • 17.  RE: Liberal DAF-Pledge Policy? Anyone relaxing your stance?

    Posted 02-23-2025 07:01 PM
    That is my understanding as well. By the time the DAF contacts us with the grant, the donor has, by IRS requirement, relinquished control, and is only a recommender. Therefore, at the time we receive the grant with instructions, the only binding agreements that can be made are between the DAF and us, the recipient.

     Best,
    John Smilde





  • 18.  RE: Liberal DAF-Pledge Policy? Anyone relaxing your stance?

    Posted 02-24-2025 11:14 AM
    My view is that this is an unenforceable or ignorable condition on several fronts:

    1. Nobody can contractually force an organization to choose how to present its accounting books, and absent a material benefit to applying the payment to the pledge, that's all that is happening here. More than one valid way exists, but it's up to the CFO to determine, in their best judgment, which is the best presentation of the org's financial position. Per the IRS "the determination of whether an individual's charitable pledge is legally binding is best left to the distributee charity, which has knowledge of the facts surrounding the pledge." 
    2. In contract law, counting the payment towards the pledge would be considered and immaterial breach, or not a breach at all, because violation causes no meaningful damage to the other party - there is no harm to the DAF sponsor
    3. There really is no way to truly honor the DAF sponsor's wishes. Sure, you can write off the pledge amount on your books and in your CRM, you can go through those motions. But in practice, you're not pursuing the donor for the outstanding amount of the pledge, you're not increasing your reserve for bad debts (and why would you? Those "writeoffs" are always accompanied by matching income), you're not issuing a 1099 for debt forgiveness, and you're very likely recognizing the donor for their gift through the DAF much in the same way as if they had made the gift directly. You're following the "pledge fulfilled" playbook, not the "we got unexpectedly stiffed on a pledge" playbook. Using other words doesn't change the substance of the thing.
    All of  which is to say, I recognize that some institutions will choose not to follow 2017-73, and I respect that. It's reasonable to await final regulations before changing policies and processes. But I think that it goes too far to say that it is impermissible to follow 2017-73.


    Thank you,
    Isaac Shalev
    Data Strategy Expert
    Sage70, Inc.
    (917) 859-0151
    isaac@sage70.com

    Schedule a 30-minute consultation now:







  • 19.  RE: Liberal DAF-Pledge Policy? Anyone relaxing your stance?

    Posted 02-24-2025 02:05 PM

    Hi Isaac,

    It is really the DAF that is choosing not to follow 2017-73 or the 2023 proposed regulation. They are the ones requiring that the grant not be used as payment on a pledge. We are agreeing to their request as a condition of our acceptance. I'm not an attorney and couldn't say whether we are contractually, by law, required to do this. However, I am certain that they would have no legal obligation to send us future grant monies if we didn't.

     

    We have occasionally received requests from DAFs to verify how funds were used. In recent cases, it has only related to wanting verification that we did not provide the donor with any benefits. However, I have no doubt that they may also request similar verification related to pledges. It is not our practice to apply them as pledge payments but, for sake of example, if we had and they sent a similar request for verification, we would need to reply truthfully. At that point, regardless of whether or not we had a legal obligation to follow their request, we would likely be cut off from future grant payments. I think that is what everyone is trying to avoid.

     

    I personally don't have a big issue with using 2017-73 as legitimate guidance but we have to operate in good faith with granting organizations who evidently aren't comfortable following it yet. I hope that changes eventually but until then, I won't put our relationships with DAFs at risk.

     

    My two cents.

     

    John Smilde

    Director of Gifts and Records Administration

    Advancement and Alumni Relations

    George Mason University

    4400 University Drive, MSN 1A3

    Fairfax, VA 22030

    703.993.8680

    jsmilde@gmu.edu

     

    This electronic message contains confidential information which is, in whole or in part,

    subject to exclusion from disclosure under the Freedom of Information Act pursuant to

    §2.2-3705.4.7. of the Code of Virginia.

     

     

     

     






  • 20.  RE: Liberal DAF-Pledge Policy? Anyone relaxing your stance?

    Posted 02-24-2025 05:04 PM
    I hear you, and I think you can honestly reply that no material benefits were provided. Ultimately, the DAFs themselves are all on record and every on board with the idea that their grants should be allowed to be used to satisfy pledges. But everyone has a different appetite for risk, and I respect the choice not to apply the payment to the pledge. 

    Isaac Shalev
    Data Strategy Expert
    (917) 859-0151
    isaac@sage70.com

    Autocorrect was used in composting this email, please excuse any typos






  • 21.  RE: Liberal DAF-Pledge Policy? Anyone relaxing your stance?

    Posted 06-02-2025 09:53 PM
    Edited by Tioga Anderson 06-02-2025 10:44 PM

    Just came across this thread as this came up again (and again, and again). Isaac, I 100% agree with your reading on this. We've been doing the whole take the DAF funds and write down the pledge by like amount dance, instead of just applying the payment to the pledge. In both cases, you are treating the DAF funds as a pledge payment, the write-off way is just more convoluted and gives you more plausible deniability, but anyone can see that you are receiving DAF funds, soft crediting a donor with a pledge, and then reducing said pledge by the same amount. Thinking I should just save myself the headache and apply it directly to the pledge, because at the end of the day it amounts to the same thing.



    ------------------------------
    Tioga Anderson
    East Stroudsburg University Foundation
    tanderson@esufoundation.org
    ------------------------------



  • 22.  RE: Liberal DAF-Pledge Policy? Anyone relaxing your stance?

    Posted 06-03-2025 04:30 AM
    Are you aware that the IRS has issued severe fines against several DAFs when their grants were used to satisfy a personal pledge? These fines can be as high as 40% of the amount of the grant.

    You should never violate their written terms and conditions for grant acceptance. I suspect you would be found culpable and subject to a lawsuit by the DAF.

    John H. Taylor, Principal
    John H. Taylor Consulting, LLC
    2604 Sevier Street
    Durham, NC     27705

    919.816.5903 (cell/text)

    Serving the Advancement Community Since 1987







  • 23.  RE: Liberal DAF-Pledge Policy? Anyone relaxing your stance?

    Posted 06-03-2025 08:28 AM
    John, is there any public record to review regarding the IRS fines that were levied? 


    Thank you,
    Isaac Shalev
    Data Strategy Expert
    Sage70, Inc.
    (917) 859-0151
    isaac@sage70.com

    Schedule a 30-minute consultation now:







  • 24.  RE: Liberal DAF-Pledge Policy? Anyone relaxing your stance?

    Posted 06-03-2025 08:50 AM
    It's been many years since I read about these in the Chronicle of Philanthropy. I also recall another article that mentioned two DAFs were shut down due to repeated violations. I don't have those articles.

    I don't know why finding a public record matters. If the IRS states you shouldn't do something or else it would result in a fine, do you go ahead and do it because you don't think you will get caught?

    John

    John H. Taylor, Principal
    John H. Taylor Consulting, LLC
    2604 Sevier Street
    Durham, NC     27705

    919.816.5903 (cell/text)

    Serving the Advancement Community Since 1987







  • 25.  RE: Liberal DAF-Pledge Policy? Anyone relaxing your stance?

    Posted 06-03-2025 09:06 AM

    We should just return any DAF funds from a donor advisor that has an open pledge then, since there is no way not to treat the DAF grant as a de facto pledge payment, short of telling the donor that they still owe the full amount of the pledge, regardless of the DAF grants they recommended. Good luck getting an AVP or Executive Director to agree to that.



    ------------------------------
    Tioga Anderson
    East Stroudsburg University Foundation
    tanderson@esufoundation.org
    ------------------------------



  • 26.  RE: Liberal DAF-Pledge Policy? Anyone relaxing your stance?

    Posted 06-03-2025 09:12 AM
    There's no need to return the grant. Just record it as an outright gift and let the donor know you are doing that. Folks have been doing this for decades!

    John

    John H. Taylor, Principal
    John H. Taylor Consulting, LLC
    2604 Sevier Street
    Durham, NC     27705

    919.816.5903 (cell/text)

    Serving the Advancement Community Since 1987







  • 27.  RE: Liberal DAF-Pledge Policy? Anyone relaxing your stance?

    Posted 06-03-2025 09:17 AM

    Yes, we'll keep doing it that way to be on the safe side but I still think it a distinction without a difference. You're recording it as an outright gift, but it's still a pledge payment in all but name.



    ------------------------------
    Tioga Anderson
    East Stroudsburg University Foundation
    tanderson@esufoundation.org
    ------------------------------



  • 28.  RE: Liberal DAF-Pledge Policy? Anyone relaxing your stance?

    Posted 06-03-2025 09:23 AM

    I guess that I don't see it that way.

    If an organization receives a DAF grant, they record the grant, soft-crediting the advisor.  Transaction complete.

    Then, as a separate action, the organization reviews their pledges to determine whether they still expect to receive all the funds reflected by outstanding pledges.  That's a normal, ordinary business activity.  In this case, they determine that they no monger expect to receive the full amount from the pledge in question, so they write it down, another normal, ordinary business activity.  In this case, they may use a different code to distinguish it from cases where a donor just decided not to fulfill their pledge, or the donor had a financial setback, or the donor died.  But it's still a separate activity that doesn't imply that the DAF grant paid off part of the pledge.

    My US$0.02 worth; the usual disclaimers apply.



    ------------------------------
    Alan S. Hejnal (he/him)
    Smithsonian Institution
    Washington DC
    hejnala@si.edu
    ------------------------------



  • 29.  RE: Liberal DAF-Pledge Policy? Anyone relaxing your stance?

    Posted 06-03-2025 10:00 AM
    I also remind everyone that the IRS rules are similar to the grant acceptance requirements of most DAFs. 

    I know one instance where Fidelity learned that a University was allowing its DAF payments to be bifurcated and applied as pledge payments. Fidelity informed the organization in writing that failure to follow their grant acceptance guidelines would cause them to disapprove all future grants submitted for that organization.

    John

    John H. Taylor, Principal
    John H. Taylor Consulting, LLC
    2604 Sevier Street
    Durham, NC     27705

    919.816.5903 (cell/text)

    Serving the Advancement Community Since 1987